From Invisible Culture :
The surrealists, in particular,took an interest in non-western arts and cultures. As a means of resistance to France's blatant assertion of global imperialism in the 1930s, the surrealists began to question traditional beliefs and engaged in an attempted
reshuffling of cultural hierarchies. They sought, through their artistic experimentation, a de-centered perspective that critiqued European ethnocentrism.
Moreover, with the completion of the Dakar-Djibouti mission in 1933 and the inauguration of the Musée de l'Homme in 1938, newly established ethnographic methods were made readily available to these artists. Yet, as I argue below, by assuming the position of privileged viewer of both the modern and the primitive, they perpetuated the ethnocentrism that they were trying to undermine. The surrealists concealed, through the guise of ethnography, their continued use of the exotic “other” in opposition to the western. Instead of employing ethnography to reformulate their conceptions of the primitive other, the Parisian avant-garde used it as a means of extracting from the non-western those forms and ideas beneficial
to their own objectives.
Thus when Wifredo Lam arrived in Paris in 1938, it is not surprising that notions of race were clearly defined. Those who met him identified Lam by the color of his skin, and assumed, because of this, that he himself and his work had an innate connection
to primitive culture. Although Lam was only one quarter black (his father was Chinese and his mother a mulatta of Spanish and African descent), because he physically appeared more African than Asian, European artists and critics aligned their visual perception of the man with their own interpretation of African societies.